Immunisation started with variolisation in the early era of immunisation. Immunisation is administration of whole or part of a microorganism which causes development of immunity against the disease. The success of an immunisation program is the prevention of all vaccine preventable diseases. The boosting of immunity is needed in adolescents as the immunity aquired from childhood immunisation is waning. In addition adolescents need immunisation for new diseases which occur in adolescents and adults. Meningococcal vaccine, influenza vaccine, pneumococcal vaccine, hepatitis A and B vaccines and human papilloma virus vaccine may be considered in appropriate risk groups. Booster doses for tetanus vaccine is needed. Rubella, MMR and typhoid vaccines may be taken if not taken earlier. Vaccine preventable diseases like diphtheria and pertussis continue to occur even now and need to be our concern. Tdap vaccine can be given between the ages of 19-64 years of age. Tdac contains less of diptheria and pertussis components. There is a concern about the aseptic meningitis related to mumps vaccination, but this does not seem to be very significant. Similarly some concerns have occurred after untoward events following human papilloma virus vaccination which is under investigation. Varicella vaccine can be used as a post exposure prophylaxis within 72 hours of exposure. But the chance of pregnancy should be excluded in a female before giving the vaccine. Rabies vaccination is another vaccine which is mostly used only for post exposure prophylaxis. Influenza vaccine is recommended in high risk individuals with asthma and other respiratory disorders. Pneumococcal vaccine is useful in conditions like nephrotic syndrome and asplenia. Any serious adverse effect due to vaccination should be properly documented and reported for further investigation. Vaccination is the most important aspect of preventive care of an adolescent.